Business Formal Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business Formal Report - Essay Example The significant aspect of social media or online social networks is regarded to be one of the most incredible technical phenomena in this contemporary world. It has been viewed that most of the renowned business corporations which include Wal-Mart, Amazon and Kohl’s Corporation and other organizations are using the medium of social networking or social media by a greater extent. The aforesaid business companies believe that they can attain their expected business objectives such as enhancing profitability, increasing market share and mounting business reputation by using social networking medium. These organizations view social media as one of the effective business tools in marketing their valuable products in different regions of the world. The various important advantages of using social networking comprise broadening business contacts, enlarging market research and facilitating open communication with the customers. Additionally, the other major benefits of using a social networking medium comprise enhancing business reputation, growing substantial client-base, improving profitability as well as productivity and most importantly permitting the employees to discuss any sort of important ideas or share links with others. In relation to the findings of this study, certain recommendations have been framed in order to improve social media. In this regard, the different business corporations need to create attractive fan pages in order to post recent updates and share as well as upload attractive videos about their different products. On the basis of the above discussion, it can be stated that the use of a social networking medium can benefit the business organizations by a greater extent. ... The various important advantages of using social networking comprise broadening business contacts, enlarging market research and facilitating open communication with the customers. Additionally, the other major benefits of using a social networking medium comprise enhancing business reputation, growing substantial client-base, improving profitability as well as productivity and most importantly permitting the employees to discuss any sort of important ideas or share links with others. In relation to the findings of this study, certain recommendations have been framed in order to improve social media. In this regard, the different business corporations need to create attractive fan pages in order to post recent updates and share as well as upload attractive videos about their different products. On the basis of the above discussion, it can be stated that the use of a social networking medium can benefit the business organizations by a greater extent. Introduction The perception of soc ial networking involves the execution of online mediums or websites that facilitates the people to communicate or converse with their families and acquaintances. It is regarded as an act of networking as well as interacting with others within a social online setting through the execution of websites. The notion of social networking is also regarded as an imperative practice for the expansion of businesses by establishing social contacts or connections with the individuals through the aid of online websites. It has been apparently observed that a large portion of different business organizations employ this significant conception of social networking while performing their business operational functions throughout the globe. The

Do Companies Have a Responsibility Not to Destroy the Environment or Should Profits Be Allowed at Any Environmental Cost Essay Example for Free

Do Companies Have a Responsibility Not to Destroy the Environment or Should Profits Be Allowed at Any Environmental Cost Essay We can see a change in every organizational activities, as in marketing, for example Mc Donald change their previous red logo, in green one, A new one, for a new eco-system protecting plan. In this research we are going to see many element, which will prove that companies have a responsibility to take care about the environment. In this research, a melting pot of arguments will be show, to understand if businesses and factories have to pollute instead of adapting their way to work in function of environment and sustainable development. Real fact will help to understand the point of view. Firm’s activities have big environmental impact, its take a major part of naturals resources and reject in the environment. Oil and chemicals industries are not the only companies, which polluted. Every single firm consumes raw material as water, energy and others. It’s also rejected some substances more or less harmful in the environment. More over the intensive consumption of raw material have big impact on the extinction many species, or animal can become endangered. Deforestation in some country appears because companies want to produce more and more, always more. If firms continue to take resources as now, there will be an exhaustion of raw material as oil and gas. Climate change is partly caused by every reject by firms, in terms of polluting gas, chemical stuff and pollution in the see. As â€Å"good planet† said in their article, a cellulose factory has been closed by the government because they notice that to much pollution as been providing by this factory. In fact, around this factory the Baikal lac was very pollute. The vice Prime Minister Arkadi Dvokovitch announces that the factory will be close as soon as possible: â€Å"We decided to close the plant cellulose Baikalsk†. As the government said, a care project is taking part in this area of Russia. The fact that firms do not respect the environment can be dangerous in different way. In this case, 1700 peoples became unemployed, because it shutting. Population becomes less and less happy because of the different ways of pollution of the country. That is why everyone losing something: government loses reputation, to let factories pollute in the country. Firms have to be shutdown because its disrespect the environment. The reputation is very important for a company; it is one of the most important things to maximize profit. People’s way to speak about a company makes it stronger, if its have a good reputation. More often companies can have a bad rap; When it is important to see what are peoples problems and what are the environmental problems, company are less fascinate. Furthermore, it is usually the bigger business, which pollute the most. It is possible to make profit, and make a maximizing profit not in spit of polluting. But head directors prefer giving money to government as fines, instead of polluting less and earn less money. Refers to the case of Pfizer industry, which is one of the biggest pharmaceutical firms from France. As Bschool wrote in an article, Pfizer has the most important record of polluting action in all categories: â€Å"Pfizer has a bad record on numerous fronts†. This big company has been fined many times by authorities, for environmental violations, in terms of air contamination, because rejected lots of hazardous chemicals into the atmosphere. After many recommendations by government, Pfizer industry did not take care about it, and preferred continued to earned money and maximizing profit. This unconscious act proves that head manager who where at the top of the firm did not think about environmental and social problem, and did not feel concerned by security. According again to Bschool, In 2009, the company became more open minded and aware of what she did, and try to reconsolidated the public opinion with an offer to charity: â€Å"In 2009, Pfizer gave more than $60 million to charity, amounting to an astounding 24,2% of its total net profits for the year. † Thanks to regulation and authority to act in this different case, because we all know that is not the only to act in this way with people and environment. Nowadays, people become more and more involved about the protection of the environment. People, company and government try to find together some alternative to stay on the road in term of ecology. At the begging of the XIX century, the industrial revolution and the economy are based on the absolute search of gain. It is difficult to get back and primary think to the development instead of maximizing profit. Therefore company and government had to make some agreement for sustainable development. For example, according to Jonathan Maxwell, SDCL’s CEO: â€Å"Reducing demand for energy is potentially the most cost- effective and rational way of reducing emissions and improving the security of energy supply. The UK regulator, Ofgem, recently predicted in its first annual Electricity Capacity Assessment that the amount of spare capacity in the system could fall from 14% to 4% in the next 3 years, raising the specter of outages and price rises. This ground-breaking agreement between SDCL, Kingspan and Johnson Controls represents a major step forward towards a scalable and replicable solution, funded through energy savings achieved†. This kind of action is present nationally and internationally. Government want to reduce a lot Co2e emissions in the world; that is why big action concentrate many countries all around the world. States have to sign a convention, and adopt comportment after that. The majority of restriction are involved by the OMC (World Trade Organization). Refers to the professor Michael Porter, teacher in Harvard Business School, the â€Å"Porter hypothesis† (citation). Supporting his thesis from 1991, the main idea of environmental regulation is to institute programs firms reducing some externalities. Mr. Porter said also if companies are doing it by themselves it is considerably normal that business’s profits, by definition necessarily decrease. So the profit of factory can decrease if companies are adopting new rules for sustainable development. In different case, it is better making profit than take care about the environment and sustainable development. The first of a company is to make profit, and more precisely a maximization of profit. A lot of Head business managers prefer pollute and make profit, rather than adopts rules for ecology, and change the global way of the firm. A survey on the green economy post show that around 34% of executives polled preferred to stay on a good move with their company and prefer see the whole economy of the business on prosperity: â€Å"According to this Survey, 34% of executives polled said that their firm’s immediate financial goals were of more importance than practicing sustainability  Ã‚ ». There are lots of problems in changing methods to produce for a company, the management of the polluting rubbish, change machine that will be less dangerous for the environment. So that is why manager do not care about nature and public opinion. Even if there are many inconvenient, it is possible to see company which was able to accept this change in term of environment protection. As we see in the introduction, Mc Donald changes many things in the company. For example the logo, to be in coherence with sustainable development, the logo was red and now its green, the environment color. After that, it is not only a picture of a good company, which wants to have a good behavior with environment; there are some benefits that Mc Donald can catch benefits. Referring to Bob Langert, who is VP, Corporate social responsibility at Mc Donald’s corporation: Energy is really our No. issue, he said. When you look at the dollars we spend, and the impact we have on the environment, and the progress we can make to do better, and use our size and influence to make a difference, its energy. Bob Langert tell us this information in an interview, in a US TV channel called alternative channel To conclude, we saw different aspect from makin g profit instead of taking care about the environment. Along this research it is prove that it is better to contribute to sustainable development and be aware of consequences of pollution. Even if it is hard to renounce to earn lots of money and make a maximize profit for business. Help nature and it will reward you. Bibliography * McDonald’s Golden Rules for Energy Efficiency and Sustainability | Sustainable Development and Humanitarian Causes: The Alternative Channel Blog. McDonald’s Golden Rules for Energy Efficiency and Sustainability | Sustainable Development and Humanitarian Causes: The Alternative Channel Blog. Web. * The 10 Most Socially Irresponsible Big Brands | BSchool. com Business Schools Directory. BSchoolcom Business Schools Directory The 10 Most Socially Irresponsible Big Brands Comments. Web. * Une Usine De Cellulose Qui Pollue Le Lac Baikal Va Fermer. Une Usine De Cellulose Qui Pollue Le Lac Baikal Va Fermer. Web. * Corporations and the Environment. Global Issues. N. p. , n. d. Web. * Sustainable Development Capital LLP. Sustainable Development Capital LLP. Print 2012 * Robert A. G. Monks and Nell Minow, Power and Accountability, 1991 an on-line book, originally written 1991 * Richard Robbins, Global Problems and the Culture of Capitalism (Allyn and Bacon, 1999), pp. 233-236 * Resources for the Future RFF. org. Resources for the Future RFF. org. N. p. , n. d. Web

Analysing Specifications for a New System

Analysing Specifications for a New System Computer science SDLC assessment z A C First step in analysing the specifications for the new system is data collection.Data collection is the process of gathering and absorption of information on targeted aspect in an established systematic fashion, which then allows one to answer related questions and evaluate outcomes. The 3 best ways are through interviews, on-site observation, and surveys. Through these forms of data gathering certain information can be obtained for example what aspects of the last system should be pulled through to the new system, any new ideas to better the new system and thoughts on the proposed ideas contributed by the analyst. The first and most efficient way of collecting data is through 1 on 1 interviews. An interview is where a data collector or in this case the system analyst asks either an employee or client about what they would like to see in the new system. Possible questions include the ones mentioned above as well as questions like is there any ideas that you have that you would like to share?. Information like this will be of major value for the system analyst as it gives a face to the name as in you see real people and not just messages which would make communication much easier and efficient. In regards to who should be interviewed it would be best to interview at least 2 stakeholders from each department in the work so in other words two people from the management/administration department, two accounting staff, two medical staff. The reason two people from each department are to be interviewed is to provide at least two different perspectives which would make the system the middle ground and in turn make it generally welcoming to most users. Another question that should be asked particularly to the medical staff is whether they think that the current equipment is in good enough condition or in need of replacement. On site observation is when the analyst goes to the offices or field and observes the staff working and gathers information on what the system needs. This form of data gathering is very time consuming but is rewarding just as much as it gives the system analyst the ability to see the system in use in the workplace which is what would greatly improve the performance of a system as it is shaped to the way the staff practice it. On site observation will provide the answer to one of the most important question which is are the current staff experienced and deemed capable of learning and implementing new solutions?. By answering this question, the weak links can be identified and terminated which would increase efficiency and standard of performance as well as the system being used to its full potential. A survey is when the analyst creates a page or webpage of questions (usually multiple choice) to gather the thoughts and feelings of people about his proposed ideas on what could be implemented in the new system. The best characteristic of using surveys is that it can even be sent out to external agencies such as Medicare and equipment suppliers. The reason why maintaining communication with the external agencies is because when the agencies and the hospital agree they can synchronize and increase efficiency in supply delivery or funding. This would make it easier to allocate the proposed budget and check whether its worthy or not. The information should be gathered from the key stakeholders like the management/administration, accounting staff and the medical staff. Sources of information for example current procedures, equipment, documentation like medical records, account information and equipment manuals, as well as external agencies like Medicare and the equipment suppliers. The main points that should be focused on are the weaknesses of the old system and what is needed for the new one. In this case one of the biggest flaws of the current system is that it cannot adequately manage current billing and funding models. This is needed to maintain the funding to the hospital so that they can get their equipment and pay their staff. The current software also was unable to expand further for the rapidly growing home care service which is guaranteed to pose a problem in future so the new system must be created with enough flexibility to allow further development and additional upgrades. The fact that the home care department is in a separate building gives an opportunity and a reason for creating their own separate system with their own secretary, postal address, and billing information. This would decrease the traffic on the system and increase efficiency.

Metoric Rise of Tommy Hilfiger :: essays papers

Metoric Rise of Tommy Hilfiger The Meteoric Rise of Tommy Hilfiger As a Recognized Brand Name "The Four Great American Designers for Men Are: R---- L-----, P---- E----, C----- K----, T---- H-------". When this Wheel of Fortune-style advertisement was unveiled in 1985, the public easily identified the first three designers as Ralph Lauren, Perry Ellis, and Calvin Klein, but who was this fourth designer? The fourth designer, to whom the ad belonged to, was Tommy Hilfiger. At that time, Tommy Hilfiger and his recently begun company specializing in men's fashions were unknown. However, in less that a decade since that first advertisement appeared, Tommy Hilfiger has become a hugely successful company at the forefront of the fashion industry. As Jack Hyde, a Fashion Institute of Technology professor, has stated, "It's Hilfiger, Hilfiger, Hilfiger." Tommy Hilfiger, 48, founder, designer, and honorary chairman of the Hong Kong-based company that bears his name, was born and raised in the small town of Elmira, New York. He was one of nine children. Even at a young age, his fashion and artistic talents were shown through his dress. "He's always wearing a shirt or a pair of pants that was a little different than what everyone else was wearing" a friend of his remarked. In 1969, Hilfiger and two friends opened People's Place, a store specializing in trendy fashions and other items. The store grew and expanded with People's Places opening in various upstate New York towns such as Ithaca and Corning. Hilfiger, wanting to design clothes rather than purchase them from the manufacturer, began to consider becoming a designer. When his People's Place chain went bankrupt in 1977, Hilfiger moved to New York and worked as a designer, even though he had never attended design school, for various companies until 1984, when Tommy Hil figer the company was born. Today Tommy Hilfiger labels grace everyone from President Bill Clinton to rapper Snoop Doggy Dogg and that wide range of clientele accounts for the company selling $756.9 million dollars' worth of merchandise each year. Last year, Tommy Hilfiger Corporation (TOM) was one of the top apparel firms traded on the New York Stock Exchange.

Greasy Lake by T. Coraghessan Boyle Essay

In the short story essay Greasy Lake by T. Coraghessan Boyle, a literary devise applied is setting. The three different types of setting are physical, historical and geographic. He employs them threw out the essay giving us detailed information on what is going on. Boyle describes the lake as to be a place where some rather not go anymore do to its physical condition. The lake is physically described as â€Å"fetid and murky, the mud banks glittering with broken glass and strewn with beer cans and the charred remains of bonfires† pg 77. The narrator continues to describe the lake with such a horrid atmosphere when he and his friends arrive. Describing all things that come about in a place like that â€Å"the bad breath of decay all around me† pg 80, signifying that the Greasy Lake was not a place to be. In the Greasy Lake, the lake was once described by the narrator as a place that at one time would be described as Wakan. Wakan is the term the narrator tells us the Indians had used to describe the lake. The narrator tells us that the Indians used the term to describe â€Å"the clarity of its waters† pg 77. The now noticeable change of the water from what the Indians considered as â€Å"Wakan† to being â€Å"fetid and murky† shows the significant change in the way society had felt to keep the lake. The dramatic turn is implied when the lake is described to be a place of where I stated above that of â€Å"breath of decay.† Also showing a change in society the narrator focuses on the use of drugs, violence, alcohol, and rape as to be reasons why the lake is the way it is.

Example Sentences of the Verb Drink for ESL

Example Sentences of the Verb Drink for ESL This page provides example sentences of the verb Drink in all tenses including active and passive forms, as well as conditional and modal forms. Base Form drink / Past Simple drank / Past Participle drunk / Gerund drinking Present Simple He usually drinks four glasses of water a day. Present Simple Passive Water is drunk at meals. Present Continuous She is drinking a gin and tonic. Present Continuous Passive The new wine is being drunk by customers. Present Perfect Peter has drunk three glasses of water this afternoon. Present Perfect Passive All the juice has been drunk. Present Perfect Continuous I have been drinking juice all morning. Past Simple Jack drank a glass of apple juice. Past Simple Passive A glass of apple juice was drunk by that customer. Past Continuous She was drinking some water when the man bumped into her. Past Continuous Passive Water was being drunk when they opened the wine. Past Perfect We had drunk all the water before the order arrived. Past Perfect Passive All the water had been drunk before the order arrived. Past Perfect Continuous We had been drinking our beverages for ten minutes when he finally arrived. Future (will) She will drink orange juice. Future (will) Passive Wine will be drunk by the customers at table six. Future (going to) We are going to drink French wine with our meal. Future (going to) Passive French wine is going to be drunk by the customers at table six. Future Continuous This time tomorrow we will be drinking a nice cold cocktail. Future Perfect He will have drunk three bottles by the end of the evening. Future Possibility He might drink juice. Real Conditional If he drinks wine, I will drive home. Unreal Conditional If he drank wine, I would drive home. Past Unreal Conditional If he had drunk wine, I would have driven home. Present Modal I should drink some tea. Past Modal You should have drunk some milk to calm your stomach. Quiz: Conjugate With Drink Use the verb to drink to conjugate the following sentences. Quiz answers are below. In some cases, more than one answer may be correct. He usually _____ four glasses of water a day.She _____ a gin and tonic at the moment.Peter _____ three glasses of water this afternoon.I _____ juice all morning.A glass of apple juice _____ by that customer.We _____ all the water before the order arrived.She _____ orange juice.We _____ French wine with our meal.If he _____ wine, I would drive home.She _____ some water when the man bumped into her. Quiz Answers drinksis drinkinghas drunkhave been drinkingwas drunkhad drunkwill drinkare going to drinkdrankwas drinking

Free Essays on Joy Luck Club

Growing Up In A New World â€Å"`Then I wish I wasn’t your daughter. I wish you weren’t my mother,’ I shouted.† â€Å"`Too late change this,’ said my mother shrilly.† â€Å"`Then I wish I’d never been born!’ I shouted. `I wish I were dead!’† (p. 153) In the novel, The Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan, many conflicts arise between the mothers and their daughters. Problems arise from the high expectations from Chinese mothers, the mothers’ pride in their daughters, and the daughters’ disrespect towards their mothers. Two very similar problems grow and resolve in the novel. The problem between June and her mother reflects the problem between Waverly and her mother. The conflicts between the mothers and daughters of the novel come from the mothers’ high expectations for their daughters. Suyuan expects her daughter June to be a prodigy at something. This idea of a prodigy came from Auntie Lindo, Waverly’s mother. Lindo takes pride in her daughter’s skill in playing chess. Suyuan expects something to be proud of about her daughter as well. â€Å"Of course you can be prodigy, too†¦ You can be best anything. What does Auntie Lindo know? Her daughter, she is only best tricky.† (p.141) She begins to give June piano lessons. June practices for two hours everyday in preparation for a talent show a few weeks later. Suyuan wanted to show the whole Joy Luck Club her daughter’s talent. She expected a lot from June, exacerbated by Auntie Lindo’s pride in Waverly. In Waverly’s situation, Auntie Lindo watched closely to her practice playing chess. She gave her tips that she never listened to because her mot her never played chess before. Both mothers are very tight on their daughters, hoping to boost their skill and talent. In the end, their encouragement ends everything in their daughters. Problems only worsen as the mothers brag about their daughters having their talents. The traditional Chinese mothers have expectations for ... Free Essays on Joy Luck Club Free Essays on Joy Luck Club The Joy Luck Club In Amy Tan’s novel â€Å"The Joy Luck Club† there are many themes and imagery throughout the book, but one theme that is relevant and stands out is the issue, â€Å"Cruel men? Weak men? Fair portrayal of men?† The novel is based on women in the Chinese traditional families, but does not discuss the men. What role do they play in their lives? Were they the people that made there lives unbearable? The men that will be looked upon are associated to the Jong, The Hsu, and the St. Clair family. Although many people would believe that the men in â€Å"The Joy Luck Club† were vindictive, they have shown that they not only are they feeble but that the weak men over power the cruel, and through their actions this statement will be apparent to all. The Jong Family have two key males that fit the description of cruel and or weak men. The first was Tyan-Yu, Linda Jong’s first husband. Lindo and Tyan-Yu’s wedding was arranged marriage. Lindo’s parents were forced to depart their home leaving Lindo behind. Even though she was only twelve years old, Lindo belonged to the family of her betrothed. The Huangs, the family of Tyan-yu, were very wealthy and took little interest in Lindo which lead to the first impression that Tyan-yu was a cruel man by the way he acted. He and his family made her stay in their servants’ quarters and made her perform physical tasks, such as cooking, washing dishes, cleaning, and embroidering clothes. Tyan-yu would make her sleep on the couch lying to his mother so that he would not get himself into trouble which was a sign of weakness on Tyan-yu’s part. Lindo proves this by saying â€Å"That’s when I could see what was underneath Tyan-yu. He was scared.†. (58) Lindo’s marriage was miserable, for there was no love in it. Tyan-yu, feeling no emotion for his wife, would not touch her. Matters were made worse when everyone wondered why Lindo did not become pregnant and for this came ... Free Essays on Joy Luck Club â€Å"One of the earliest and most profound bonds women form with each other is that of mother and daughter† (Alan). Amy Tan’s â€Å"The Joy Luck Club,† which explores mother-daughter relationships, emphasizes the struggle for identity, balance, and understanding between Chinese mothers and their Chinese-American daughters. The cultural differences impede the daughters’ realization of the importance of their mothers’ role in the journey of life. As readers, we are enlightened by the life lessons each daughter learns. These moving and powerful stories share the irony, pain, and sorrow of the imperfect ways in which mothers and daughters love each other (Chong). We are able to relate to the conflicts and struggles, and, thus, discovering how much our own mothers mean to us. Each of the daughters in the novel struggle with gaining her mother’s acceptance as well as society’s. â€Å"Each mother has to transmit the rules of feminity to her daughter to help them survive in the world as she knows it† (Alan). The daughters reject this attempt and, thus, initiate a life-long conflict between the two. Coming from a rough childhood, the mothers want nothing less than perfection for their American daughters. They believe that anything is possible for a daughter if the mother wills it. June Woo explains, â€Å"My mother believed you could be anything you wanted to be in America† (141). However, this causes conflict as the daughter acquires the American way of life, she is both obeying and betraying her mother. â€Å"Even the most successful daughters are haunted by a sense of failure, and even the most determined mothers are dismayed to find their daughters repeating their own weaknesses† (Williard). June exhibits this à ¢â‚¬Å"in the years that followed, I failed her so many times, each time asserting my own will, my right to fall short of expectations† (153). This assertiveness for independence, in turn, delays the daughters un... Free Essays on Joy Luck Club The Joy Luck Club â€Å"Hey, Sabrina, are you Japanese or Chinese?" I asked. Her reply, as it seems to be for many minority groups, is, "Neither, I'm Chinese-American." So, besides her American accent and a hyphenated ending on her answer to the SAT questionnaire about her ethnic background, what is the difference? In Amy Tan's enjoyable novel, The Joy Luck Club, about the relationships and experiences of four Chinese mothers and four Chinese-American daughters, I found out the answer to this question. The difference in upbringing of those women born during the first quarter of this century in China, and their daughters born in the American atmosphere of California, is a difference that does not exactly take a scientist to see. From the beginning of the novel, you hear Suyuan Woo tell the story of "The Joy Luck Club," a group started by some Chinese women during World War II, where "we feasted, we laughed, we played games, lost and won, we told the best stories. In addition, each week, we could hope to be lucky. That hope was our only joy." (p. 12) Really, this was their only joy. The mothers grew up during perilous times in China. They all were taught, "to desire nothing, to swallow other people's misery, to eat [their] own bitterness." (p. 241) Though not many of them grew up terribly poor, they all had a certain respect for their elders, and for life itself. These Chinese mothers were all taught to be honorable, to the point of sacrificing their own lives to keep any family members' promise. Instead of their daughters, who "can promise to come to dinner, but if she wants to watch a favorite movie on TV, she no longer has a promise" (p. 42), "To Chinese people, fourteen carats isn't real gold . . . [my bracelets] must be twenty-four carats, pure inside and out." (p. 42) Towards the end of the book, there is a definite line between the differences of the two generations. Lindo Jong, whose daughter, Waverly, doesn... Free Essays on Joy Luck Club Growing Up In A New World â€Å"`Then I wish I wasn’t your daughter. I wish you weren’t my mother,’ I shouted.† â€Å"`Too late change this,’ said my mother shrilly.† â€Å"`Then I wish I’d never been born!’ I shouted. `I wish I were dead!’† (p. 153) In the novel, The Joy Luck Club by Amy Tan, many conflicts arise between the mothers and their daughters. Problems arise from the high expectations from Chinese mothers, the mothers’ pride in their daughters, and the daughters’ disrespect towards their mothers. Two very similar problems grow and resolve in the novel. The problem between June and her mother reflects the problem between Waverly and her mother. The conflicts between the mothers and daughters of the novel come from the mothers’ high expectations for their daughters. Suyuan expects her daughter June to be a prodigy at something. This idea of a prodigy came from Auntie Lindo, Waverly’s mother. Lindo takes pride in her daughter’s skill in playing chess. Suyuan expects something to be proud of about her daughter as well. â€Å"Of course you can be prodigy, too†¦ You can be best anything. What does Auntie Lindo know? Her daughter, she is only best tricky.† (p.141) She begins to give June piano lessons. June practices for two hours everyday in preparation for a talent show a few weeks later. Suyuan wanted to show the whole Joy Luck Club her daughter’s talent. She expected a lot from June, exacerbated by Auntie Lindo’s pride in Waverly. In Waverly’s situation, Auntie Lindo watched closely to her practice playing chess. She gave her tips that she never listened to because her mot her never played chess before. Both mothers are very tight on their daughters, hoping to boost their skill and talent. In the end, their encouragement ends everything in their daughters. Problems only worsen as the mothers brag about their daughters having their talents. The traditional Chinese mothers have expectations for ...

Following Germany Essay

Following Germany Essay Following Germany Essay Following Germany’s Bread Crumb Trail In the German public, there was little acceptance that the Germans had been defeated in war. The higher commands, also known as the German High Command, claimed that the army had not been defeated in battle, they evaded responsibility for the defeat, and blame was attributed by many to the civilian elements, mainly Socialists, Communists and Jews. They wouldn’t accept the responsibility of the war or that they did anything wrong. The people continually grew resentful towards the reparations, which were perceived much harsher due to the German leaders’ deliberate misrepresentation. The reparations that the Germans had to pay were the rules to the Treaty of Versailles. It was a supposable set of 132 billion gold marks. However the actual amount they had to pay was 50 billion gold marks. It was stated that the 112 billion marks in â€Å"C bonds† were actually a strategy to fool the public into thinking they owed more than the real amount. (There was A, B and C bond s, they only ever planned on collecting the A and B bonds). They paid 20 billion gold marks, a worth of about five billion U.S. or one billion British pounds. The rest was in goods or assets. The economic problems that the payments brought, and with the already existing resentment with their imposition/situation. The reparations were considered one of the largest factors leading to the rise of Hitler and his dictatorship. In some of the history books revolving around Germany’s perspective of the Treaty argued that the Germans could have paid the reparations. But it was more the fact that they were unwilling to pay, not unable or incapable. They were one of the only/richest countries who had the money to pay the expenses of the war. In the 1920’s the Germans had two strands of foreign policy that were not mutually exclusive. The Fulfillment Politics went through the motions of the reparation hoping something would fail and lead to a

Love Issues in Death of a Salesman Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Love Issues in Death of a Salesman - Essay Example Essentially Death of a Salesman delves into the 20th century capitalism and how it impacts morality, love and relationships generally (Abbotson,2007). This paper examines the themes and issues relative to love in Death of a Salesman by reference to the pursuit of the American dream and parental love in capitalist 20th century America. The American Dream and Love in Death of a Salesman Miller’s Death of a Salesman can be described as a commentary on material gains as prioritized by the American Dream of the 20th century. Through the main character Willy Loman, the reader learns that a man’s self-worth and value to society is measured by his material gains. In many ways this equates with self-love, self-respect and love and respect from family, friends and acquaintances. Willy’s suicide thus presents him as a victim of a society that dehumanizes love and relationships (Emami, 2011). Thus the tragedy of Willy Loman,† is â€Å"also the tragedy of American soci ety’s pursuit of the American Dream† (Stanton, p. 156). The tragedy of the American dream and Willy’s pursuit of the American dream is tied to issues of love, particularly in terms of self-love and perceptions of self-worth and love from others. According to Tracy and Robins (2003) capitalist values and its connection to self-worth and thus love sets off a chain reaction. As Tracy and Robins (2003) explained, Willy’s suicide reflect a poignant feelings of â€Å"self-doubt† (p. 57). Moreover: Willy’s self-esteem is also contingent and highly dependent on feedback from his employer, sons, and mistress (Tracy and Robins, 2003, p. 57). Thus, the pursuit of the American Dream as depicted in Death of a Salesman draws attention to the fragile nature of love and relationships in 20th century America. Self-worth is measured by material possessions. Willy for example, perceives that his validity as a husband, father, lover, son, brother and employee ar e highly dependent of his material gains. Thus in his pursuit of the American dream he is determined to obtain the admiration of his family, employers, colleagues, and so on (Tracy and Robins, 2003). In this regard, the issue of love is one that presents â€Å"the mismeasure of love† (Tracy and Robins, 2003, p. 58). Essentially, the emphasis on the American dream as a measure of self-worth transfer over to the manner in which love and acceptance are measured. Love and happiness are regarded as implicitly impossible without the acquisition of the American Dream. Willy’s pursuit of the American dream not only prescribes his understanding and appreciation for himself but also dictates his view of successful parenting, employment and personal life relations. Willy does often remind the reader that: It’s not what you say, it’s how you say it -because personality always wins the day (Miller, 2007, p 51). Bloom (2007) explains that the belief that personality al ways wins the day was a belief of Willy’s that was so entrenched in Willy’s psyche that it rose to the level of a religious doctrine. It was Willy’s way of giving voice to the belief that success in life, business and love was prescribed by a rigid formula. In this regard, Bloom (2007) informs that Willy does not: see the banality in such cliches and is actually using bromidic language to bolster his own faltering self-confidence (p. 27). Willy’

Cellular pathology Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Cellular pathology - Personal Statement Example ence I obtained from King Abdul Aziz Hospital, I have confidence that I possess the necessary skills that form the basis for a career in medical diagnostics specifically cellular pathology. I have knowledge about the process of collecting samples from the patients and protecting them from contamination before commencing diagnostic procedures. At King Abdul Aziz Hospital, I had a comprehensive exposure and practice on the process of slide preparation and observation through medical microscopes. The laboratory department at the hospital analyzed both slides prepared from tissues and cells derived from body fluids (Hanon-Fletcher & Maxwell 43). The experience at King Abdul Aziz hospital inspired me to pursue a degree in biomedical science. This saw me relocate to UK where I am almost actualizing my aspiration. In UK, I have been going through a thorough training on laboratory techniques. The practical sessions had particular interest in diagnostics through cellular analysis. A major area am currently well conversant with is cancer diagnosis and it forms my primary reason for the interest in pursuing cellular pathology at West of England University. In addition, the course equipped me on how to obtain and handle pathological specimens for cellular analysis. My desire in life is to develop diagnostic procedures that are efficient and fast. Diagnostic procedures that are in use currently are not favorable to patients due to long waits. I would like to see patients get their results instantly and accurately. Cellular pathology looks at the origin of a disease at the cell level as opposed to the symptomatic diagnosis employed by most laboratories today. In the pursuit of my desire, undertaking my cellular pathology studies at the University will help me acquire the knowledge and skills for actualizing my desire. Knowing the basis of a condition in time is a prerequisite for managing the disease. Cellular pathology is the way to go as it gives the most accurate results

Health Risk of an Abortion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Health Risk of an Abortion - Essay Example The law of abortion was passed so that these people could be legally allowed to do whatsoever they may feel like. None the less it would not be wrong to say that the anti-abortionists came up with some pretty valid points, but then again it is on one’s freedom whether or not to cut short the birth process or continue with it. (Mohr, 1979) For decades now, abortion has been a hot topic and the same will continue to be the case in the years to come. Anti-Abortionists on the other hand agree in unison that it is pretty much in defiance as laid down in the holy books to commit such a heinous act like abortion. The rationale that can be provided here is that if at any point in time it was in defiance with the laws, then it is between the woman under question as she is the one who will be the recipient of chastisement with regards to the abortion decision that she has taken. A number of people are of the view that abortion can threaten a mother’s life and hence should be deemed as illegal right from the onset. Again there are some opinions which suggest that if the mother does not want to have the baby then it would be best to at least give birth to the newborn and give it to some orphan house so that those women who do not have children in their lives can raise their families in accordance. This seems pretty valid since giving a newborn for the sake of adoption is a good route none the less if a family is against the birth and the eventual raise of the baby. This is due to the fact that at times it has been seen that these children suffer immensely as they sit for ages in the orphanages making them look like unwanted guests in this world. Studies have shown that the health issues related with abortion could include breast cancer, clinical depression, increase in mortality rate and reproductive issues to surface within a woman. This means that all of these tangents are highlighted in a significant manner by abortion which indeed mars the very

Critically evaluate the implications of public services outsourcing Essay

Critically evaluate the implications of public services outsourcing for the management of labour and industrial relations - Essay Example the outsourcing as an issue has drawn wide attention from different scholars, mostly those interested in the disentangling the effect of the value chain restructuring in the private firms. Nevertheless, there has been extremely limited systematic comparative research on the topic within the public sector organisations whereby the practitioners and the scholars majorly focus on the economic implications. The adoption of outsourcing strategies in the public sector has significantly impacted on the management of labour and industrial relations. Thus, drawing from the above, this paper aims at filling the gap, discussing the impacts of the outsourcing of the public services on the on the labour and the industrial relations structure in the public sector in the comparative perspective. The goal of this paper is twofold. First, it aims at disentangling the interplay of the restructuring towards the outsourcing of the public services, the terms of the employees and the dynamics and conditions of the employment relations in the various sectors across countries. Secondly, the study is focused on the examination of whether the impacts of the outsourcing cluster to result in the discernable convergent trajectories in any given sector or the country. Value chain analysis has been the alternative approach that revises on the thinking about how the outsourcing relationships should be structured and conceived. Outsourcing can be described as the form of the restructuring whereby â€Å"one organisation contracts with another for the provision of the particular goods and services† (Asher, 1987) instead of providing the goods or services directly. This inter-firm relationship directly impacts on the employment conditions and work organisation of the public services. The value chain analysis is a fundamental analytical tool for the disentangling how the external restructuring process impacts on the quality of the work and the employment relationships. The position of the

Would You Be Willing To Swear A Hippocratic Oath Essay

Would You Be Willing To Swear A Hippocratic Oath - Essay Example With this concern the associate justice opined that lawyers should also be encouraged to swear a Hippocratic Oath, similar as the doctors. It is since then that the aspect have attracted various comments and headed to as a major controversial issue in the history of legal profession (Rocca, 2008). After a long controversy it was again suggested that the law graduates should be spelling an oath which was presented as an option to the final year law students. It was in this context, that certain people felt it to be unnecessary for the legal profession while few were in the favour of the oath (Laycock, 2010). However, the question still comes into view regarding the appropriateness and its efficacy in the realistic practices of the legal profession.... nt, it can be stated that the oath in actual terms can be highly beneficial for the society by reducing the occurrences regarding the misconducts of legal profession. It is worth mentioning that the professional and the ethical responsibilities of a lawyer play a major role in signifying the requirement of a Hippocratic Oath, which is in turn strictly driven by the legal system of a society. The legal systems practiced in the society are enforced with the ultimate objective to ensure the behaviour of the people is against any kind of crime or harm. Whereas, in technical terms these enforced legal systems are the accumulated versions of certain well-defined and specified statements to regulate and control the living of the society. Therefore, the statements need to be re-enforced in the real life practices and accordingly require to be monitored with the aim that the actions of peoples are not against the legal boundaries (Webb & Et. Al., 2007). Moreover, the actions needs to be judge d in-depth as in the practical consequences, it is not always that a person performing actions which are against the legal statements can be termed to be a criminal. For instance, a person who has committed a murder to protect himself in self-defence cannot be termed as criminal. Hereby, it is the duty of the lawyer or the legal professional to prove the real fact. Therefore, the core responsibilities of a legal professional are to increase the efficiency of legal statements and enhance the societies’ well-being. To be summarised, it is the professional responsibility of a lawyer to signify the efficiency and the integrity of the legal systems enforced to regulate and control various actions of a society. Therefore, the professional responsibility of a lawyer is of crucial value to the

POLICE DRONES AND CIVIL LIBERTIES Research Paper

POLICE DRONES AND CIVIL LIBERTIES - Research Paper Example The use of police drones is for ensuring that the civil liberties of the individual are not violated. However in some countries, most of the police drones are used during training practices as part of pilot program. In countries like the United States aerial drones are used in law enforcement in domestic capacity. The department of Defense in the United States has argued that war in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iraq has been changed by the use of the drone technology. The Use of Police Drone and Its Effect on Civil Liberty In Britain the police department has developed plans for using the drones in monitoring road services. This involves monitoring speed of vehicles, traffic jam, and even vehicle theft among others. Through this police can keep track of civilians who violate the driver regulations. It is used for collecting road data for traffic police making work more efficient. They are also used in supervising public events such as presidential conference. In most of the developed co untries, the police drones are used in monitoring the behavior of individuals in a public gathering to ensure security. According to Solan, Tiersma and Conley (2005), this has been an important activity as protects individuals’ freedom of movement without fear. The police are also able to keep track of events in a public gathering even from far thus maintaining peace. Police drones are used in covert urban surveillance. This facilitates effective maintenance of security in urban areas where cases of insecurity are many. Since the drone is remote controlled it can be relocated in dangerous places without fear of losing an individuals life through attacks. It allows police officers to record the public activities with high-resolution without having to move for their security according to Gill and Phythian (2006). These activities include criminal acts and attacks by enemies. Police agency uses the drone in gathering information about dangerous pales for the officers. It has bee n applied mostly by the United States army when attacking countries like Iraq and Pakistan. The police have claimed to use the drone in surveillance of maritime activities. Here the drone is used for detecting immigrants from foreign countries, shipping activities such as smuggling of drugs. Due to their increased pervasive surveillance citizens are questioning the machine’s importance in watching over their lives. Police Drone Surveillance and Civil Liberty The police drones have been used by countries like the United States in its attacks. Such transformative technology in war has always resulted to adverse ethical implications on civil liberty. The increased use of the drones in war combined with ineffective accountability is an indicator of normalization of previous unfair policing levels and abuse of office by police officers. As suggested by Drake (2010), this is because their activities can also be monitored by their officers using the drones. For instance, Pennsylivia governor had to apologize after it was revealed that there was spying of pro-immigrant activists and antiwar and environmentalists against drilling of natural gas. Drone surveillance has been applied on American soils following the heavy profits, public demand and technology. With the urgent need for Federal Aviation Administration to open regulations, the

Critically evaluate the implications of public services outsourcing Essay

Critically evaluate the implications of public services outsourcing for the management of labour and industrial relations - Essay Example the outsourcing as an issue has drawn wide attention from different scholars, mostly those interested in the disentangling the effect of the value chain restructuring in the private firms. Nevertheless, there has been extremely limited systematic comparative research on the topic within the public sector organisations whereby the practitioners and the scholars majorly focus on the economic implications. The adoption of outsourcing strategies in the public sector has significantly impacted on the management of labour and industrial relations. Thus, drawing from the above, this paper aims at filling the gap, discussing the impacts of the outsourcing of the public services on the on the labour and the industrial relations structure in the public sector in the comparative perspective. The goal of this paper is twofold. First, it aims at disentangling the interplay of the restructuring towards the outsourcing of the public services, the terms of the employees and the dynamics and conditions of the employment relations in the various sectors across countries. Secondly, the study is focused on the examination of whether the impacts of the outsourcing cluster to result in the discernable convergent trajectories in any given sector or the country. Value chain analysis has been the alternative approach that revises on the thinking about how the outsourcing relationships should be structured and conceived. Outsourcing can be described as the form of the restructuring whereby â€Å"one organisation contracts with another for the provision of the particular goods and services† (Asher, 1987) instead of providing the goods or services directly. This inter-firm relationship directly impacts on the employment conditions and work organisation of the public services. The value chain analysis is a fundamental analytical tool for the disentangling how the external restructuring process impacts on the quality of the work and the employment relationships. The position of the

POLICE DRONES AND CIVIL LIBERTIES Research Paper

POLICE DRONES AND CIVIL LIBERTIES - Research Paper Example The use of police drones is for ensuring that the civil liberties of the individual are not violated. However in some countries, most of the police drones are used during training practices as part of pilot program. In countries like the United States aerial drones are used in law enforcement in domestic capacity. The department of Defense in the United States has argued that war in Pakistan, Afghanistan and Iraq has been changed by the use of the drone technology. The Use of Police Drone and Its Effect on Civil Liberty In Britain the police department has developed plans for using the drones in monitoring road services. This involves monitoring speed of vehicles, traffic jam, and even vehicle theft among others. Through this police can keep track of civilians who violate the driver regulations. It is used for collecting road data for traffic police making work more efficient. They are also used in supervising public events such as presidential conference. In most of the developed co untries, the police drones are used in monitoring the behavior of individuals in a public gathering to ensure security. According to Solan, Tiersma and Conley (2005), this has been an important activity as protects individuals’ freedom of movement without fear. The police are also able to keep track of events in a public gathering even from far thus maintaining peace. Police drones are used in covert urban surveillance. This facilitates effective maintenance of security in urban areas where cases of insecurity are many. Since the drone is remote controlled it can be relocated in dangerous places without fear of losing an individuals life through attacks. It allows police officers to record the public activities with high-resolution without having to move for their security according to Gill and Phythian (2006). These activities include criminal acts and attacks by enemies. Police agency uses the drone in gathering information about dangerous pales for the officers. It has bee n applied mostly by the United States army when attacking countries like Iraq and Pakistan. The police have claimed to use the drone in surveillance of maritime activities. Here the drone is used for detecting immigrants from foreign countries, shipping activities such as smuggling of drugs. Due to their increased pervasive surveillance citizens are questioning the machine’s importance in watching over their lives. Police Drone Surveillance and Civil Liberty The police drones have been used by countries like the United States in its attacks. Such transformative technology in war has always resulted to adverse ethical implications on civil liberty. The increased use of the drones in war combined with ineffective accountability is an indicator of normalization of previous unfair policing levels and abuse of office by police officers. As suggested by Drake (2010), this is because their activities can also be monitored by their officers using the drones. For instance, Pennsylivia governor had to apologize after it was revealed that there was spying of pro-immigrant activists and antiwar and environmentalists against drilling of natural gas. Drone surveillance has been applied on American soils following the heavy profits, public demand and technology. With the urgent need for Federal Aviation Administration to open regulations, the

19th century England Essay Example for Free

19th century England Essay In this essay we will be discussing the life and times of the one and only Charles Dickens. He was an author. A very famous and popular author. Firstly we shall discover the background of Charles Dickens; we shall also discover how powerfully Dickens background affected him as an author and child.  Charles Dickens was born in 1812 and grew up in Portsmouth. His farther was a clerk in the navy pay office. At this time Dickens also worked as a clerk with his farther. But when Dickens turned 12 years old his farther started to have problems, very serious problems, financial problems. The reason for this is that he had quite a large family. In the year of 1824 Dickens whole family was sent to prison and Charles had to give-up all his home life and school because he was sent off to work in a shoe polish workhouse. Dickens was so sad and hurt because of his familys imprisonment, so what he did was write about his early life in novels, but before all of this had happened Dickens family was released from the Marshal Sea prison in 1825. Straight after this his farther sent him to the Wellington house academy (a school). When he had grown up in 1827 he worked as a clerk for a firm of solicitors in Holborn, but he hated the law so he was drawn into journalism. In 1831 Dickens was writing short hand reports of parliamentary debates for the London papers. After this Dickens started life as an author he wrote many novels such as: Bleak house, The old curious shop, Master Humphries clock, and Great Expectations.  But the most popular and famous out of the novels above is probably Great Expectations. The novel Great Expectations begins with the protagonist Pip strolling through the graveyard, in which his mother and farther are buried, what the author is trying to tell the reader is that Pip is an orphan. After this scene Dickens introduces the next character Magwitch. Magwitch is an escaped convict; we know this because in the novel it says, A fearful man, all in coarse gray, with a great iron on his leg. Dickens deliberately creates this type of tension to get the audience interested and to suggest that the fearful man is an escaped convict. When Magwitch appears in front of Pip he starts to threaten the poor little boy. Magwith said to Pip that he would cut his throat and rip his heart out and eat his liver, keep still you little devil, or Ill cut your throatyou bring them both to me or Ill have your heart and liver out. Yet again Dickens deliberately means to do this to create a mood of tension so that the audience feel sympathetic towards Pip but think that Magwitch is a violent, intimidating and aggressive character, the author also makes the audience think that Magwith is a cannibal because of the threat he made to Pip. After this encounter Magwitch asked Pip where is his mother and then Pip replied, There sir. He meant in the graveyard (tombstone). After a while Magwitch realised that Pip was an orphan, so he asked Pip who does he live with, Pip said that he lives with his sister Mrs Joe Gargery. The escaped convict is starving because of his long journey from the Hulk ship (prisoner ship). So Magwitch asked Pip to bring him some food but did this in an unusual way, he bribed him by saying that there is another escaped convict on the loose much worse than he is, Pip agreed to meet Magwitch the next day.  Gradually we discover that Pip thinks that Magwitch is like a ghost haunting him as Magwitch walks toward the Gibbet. At the end of the chapter we discover that both Magwitch and Pip walked off into the distance, but Dickens also makes the audience feel sympathy for Magwitch because of the way he was dragging his feet with the iron piece of metal on it. The author creates another mood of sympathy towards Magwitch when he hugs himself. This identifies that Magwitch is lonely and cold and Dickens leaves the chapter on cliffhanger. He leaves it with Pip, But now I was frightened again, and ran home without stopping. What the reader would want to know next is, when will Magwitch and Pip meet again. In chapter 3 we discover that Magwitch and Pip meet again, but in the first paragraph Dickens creates a sinister atmosphere, It was a rimy morning, and very damp. This explains that Dickens wants to make the audience feel a degree of tension. As the paragraphs go on, we discover that Pip sees another escaped convict that appears to be Magwitch to PipI saw a man sitting before meI went forward and touched him on the shoulderand it was not the same man, but another. What this means is that Magwitch seemed to be telling the truth about the other escaped convict, but was only trying to bribe Pip, so now we realise that there is another convict on the marshes. When Pip had stolen the file and food and running through the marshes he was considered to be as bad as Magwitch because since Pip has such a vivid imagination he imagines that the cows and animals are talking to him, A boy with somebody elses pork pie! Stop him. This shows that Pip has a vivid imagination and is guilty of theft.  When Pip meets Magwitch Dickens creates sympathy towards Magwitch, the right hand man hugging him-self and limping. Magwitch seemed to be very weak and cold, drop down before my face and die of deadly cold. His eyes looked awfully hungry. The author creates this mood of empathy so that the audience begins to think that Magwitch can be weak and pathetic and therefore we are interested to see whether he will survive or not. When Pip gave Magwitch the food, he saw Magwitch eat the food ravenously but there was a bit of a bond between Magwitch and Pip. This bond is that they are both lonely and scared. But all of a sudden Magwitch started to act nicely to Pip, I am glad you enjoyed it did you speak; I said did you enjoy it, thankee my boy. I do. The audience now think that Magwitch is not much of a villain. The other reason why Dickens did this was because he did not like the penal system in those days, he also wanted to show society that prisoners were human too.

Introduction to Field Effect Transistor

Introduction to Field Effect Transistor To sir Mateen Yaqoob Group Members Maira Naseer Aqsa Mahmood The University of Lahore Sargodha, Pakistan Introduction to Field Effect Transistor Transistor: The word transistor is the short form of transforming resistor. Transistor is the special kind of resistor. Resistor whose value changes, based on the input signal, and the resistor changes is transformative. DEFINITION OF FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTOR: The field effect transistor is a transistor which control the shape by using field effect transistor Field effect transistor (FET): In 1926 julius Edgar Lilienfeld was first patented the field-effect transistor and by Oskar Heil in 1934. But transistor effect was explained and oberserved by the team of william shockley at Bell labs in 1947 after it practical semiconductor were developed. The field effect transistor and the PN junction: The behavior of the field effect transistor hinges on the behaviour of a PN junction that is reverse biased. semiconductoris a material that is not a good conductor and not a good insulator but that when heat, light or voltage is added it conduct more electricity. which has two type ‘P type ‘and ‘N type’. P type and N type material: From type p material that has abundance of positive carriers, we called them holes to the type N material that has abundance of negative carriers, we called them electrons. By the way it’s not that the P material is positively charged and N material is negatively charged ,they both are electricallyneutral. The difference is that the p material has free to move positive carriers and N material free to move negative carriers. PN Junction: Formally we put P type and N type together and we form one we called PN junction. The PN junction was found to very interesting electric properties. It allowed to current to flow from p to n and when blocked current they try to move backward. Forward biased p-n junction: Now look at how p-n junction works when we try to pass current forward trade from p to n. We apply voltage source across a p-n junction such that p-side is positive and n-side is negative ,then this voltage source tries to get current into the p material which effectively means that it pulling out electrons out of the left of p material and by doing that its creating new holes of the left side of the material which increasing the density of holes on the left side of the p material. That source at the same time is pulling current from the right of the n material which is equivalent to saying it to feeding new electrons into the right of the n material which increasing the density of free electrons on the right side of the n material. Observe there is high density holes on the left of the p material and there is high density of electrons on the right of the n material. Is that the gradient of density will move holes towards the right and electrons to the left and they will joining in the center and recombine and disappear. The motion of the holes is facilitated by electric field created by external source. This is the way the p-n junction operates when it forward biased and this process is continuous forever. Reverse biased p-n junction: Now look at how p-n junction works when we try to pass current reverse biased from n to p. We apply voltage source across a p-n junction such that the negative terminal is connected at the p side and positive terminal is connected at the n-side ,then this voltage source tries to take current out of the p material which effectively means that it tries to feed electrons on the left of the p material, if we do that those electron are recombine with some of holes on the left of the p material and the density of holes will decreasing on the left side of the p material and holes disappears. That source at the same time is feed current into the n material and take electrons out of the n material which decreases the density of electrons on left side of the n material. Is that the difference of density in holes and electrons will gap the holes and electrons move away from the junction to even over the density of carries in p-n material when they do that is an uncovering some of the fixed charges near junction creating a region that is depleted of free charges so there is no carrier s in this zone and this is a region that is stationary charges, negative on the p side and positive on the n side and these stationary charges stop the flow of current. Basic information of FET’s : Field effect transistor is the majority-charge-carrier devices, in which the current is carried mostly by majority carriers, or minority-charge-carrier devices. The field effect device consists of an active channel through which charge carriers flow from the source to the drain. Source and drain terminal conductors are connected to the semiconductor. The FETs three terminals are Source (S): Source S is the terminal through which the carriers enter the channel. usually, current entering the channel at S is identify by IS. Drain (D): Drain D is the terminal through which the carriers leave the channel. usually, current entering the channel at D is identify by ID and drain to source voltage is named as VDS Gate (G): Gate G is the terminal which set the channel conductivity.when voltage is apply on gate G it control the ID. Type of FET’S: Junction field effect transistor (JFET’S): P type material and n type material is good conductor by themselves.so it’s possible to place two terminals on say the n material and get electrons to flow through a one end terminal to the other just like a wire and this is the basic junction field effect transistor. Electron flow through the n type region of p-n device from one terminal to the other and the name of this n region is the channel. The channel input is called the source and the channel output is called the drain. AND electrons flow from source to drain. The p type region of this device is called a gate. When there is no voltage applied to the gate electrons are completely free to flow to the channel so the source drain resistance is pretty much is zero ohms. When the JFETs is in this state we say it’s saturated, the channel electrons density is maximum. However, when you reverse biased a gate an interesting thing happens. Reverse biased in the p-n junction causes a depletion region to appear just did in a diode and part of p and n material is convert back to being in insulator but now that depletion region causes the physical with the n channel to become narrow so less electron flow through the channel which rises resistance of the channel . As we increase the negative voltage at the gate, the n channel become even more narrow and channel resistance rises further. If we increase voltage even further at some point the depletion will completely blocked the n channel, no current can flow across a channel and channel resistance is virtually infinite. At this point we say that the fact is cut off .Many also say that it is pinched off and the gate voltage pinched off the channel called the pinched off the voltage is around -4 volts. So this is how fact works, the reverse biased voltage of the gate causes channel resistance between source and drain to increase and it goes to infinite resistance at the pinched off voltage. It’s possible to have channel made of p material instead of n material and we have a gate made of n material instead of p material. This is called a p channel JFET and it works exactly as the same way n channel JFET does accept the polarity are reversed .Electrons still flow from source to drain but this time the gate is reversed biased with positive voltage control in the channel resistance. Difference between BJT and FET. BIPOLAR JUNCTION TRANSISTOR: The full form of BJT is Bipolar Junction Transistor. The BJT is a current-controlled device since its output is determined on the input current. The basic construction of a BJT is two PN junctions producing three terminals. Bipolar junction transistor is high voltage gain. Bipolar junction transistor is Low input impedance. Bipolar junction transistor is low output impedance. Bipolar junction transistor is low input impedance. Bipolar junction transistor is medium nose generation. Bipolar junction transistor have medium switching time. Bipolar junction transistor requires zero input to turn off. Bipolar junction transistor is cheap. Bipolar junction transistor is easy to bias. FIELD EFFECT TRANSISTOR: The full form of FET is Field Effect Transistor. Field effect transistor is a voltage-controlled device, due to its dependence on the field effect of the applied voltage. The field effect transistor construction does not have a PN junction in its main current carrying. Field effect transistor Is low voltage gain. Field effect transistor is high current gain. Field effect transistor is high input impedance. Field effect transistor is high output impedance. Field effect transistor is low noise generation. Field effect transistor has fast switching time. Field effect transistor requires some input to turn off. Field effect transistor is more expensive than BIPOLAR. Field effect transistor is difficult to bias. Advantages of FET: 1: Field effect transistor is high input resistance which is 100 MÃŽ © or more. 2:Field effect transistor is voltage-controlled device, and it show a high degree of separation between input and output. 3:Field effect transistor is depend on majority current flow and it is a unipolar device. 2: With shaping time base current will increase noise, and field effect transistor produce less noise as compare to bipolar junction and it is found in noise sensitive electronics. Disadvantages of FET: 1: field effect transistor has low gain-bandwidth product as compared to a bipolar junction transistor. 2:. When reisitance is â€Å"on† field effect transistor is low and when resistance is â€Å"off† field effect transistor is high and field effect transistor can vanish large amount of power during switching. Uses of FET: 1:.MOSFET is the most commonly used in field effect transistor 2: Field effect transistor used as an amplifier ,because it has large input resistance and low output resistance. FETS effective as a buffer. Page 1 of 9

Analysis of Critical Essays on Benito Cereno -- Benito Cereno Essays

Analysis of Critical Essays on Benito Cereno It is possible to divide the critics into two camps regarding Herman Melville's purpose in writing "Benito Cereno." Joseph Schiffman, Joyce Adler, and Sidney Kaplan all argue that Melville wrote the story to make a comment on slavery. On the other hand, Sandra Zagarell and Allan Emery contend that Melville goes beyond slavery and is pointing out other flaws in mid Nineteenth century American notion. "Benito Cereno" tells the story of a slave revolt on a ship at sea. Schiffman, Adler, and Kaplan argue that Melville wrote the story as a comment on slavery. Schiffman and Adler contend that Melville's novella is a clear indictment of slavery. Kaplan takes the opposite view. Joseph Schiffman, in his critical essay "Critical Problems in Melville's 'Benito Cereno,'" argues that Melville wrote the story from a staunch abolitionist viewpoint. He points to other Melville works to prove his assertion that the color imagery of "Benito Cereno" is reversed from traditional Western thinking of "White is good, Black is evil." Schiffman points to evidence from other Melville works such as "Mardi" and "Moby-Dick." He also makes the important point that Delano does not speak for Melville in the story. However, Schiffman comments that instead, Delano is a "microcosm of American attitudes" (33). He leaves this thought quickly, however. Schiffman also focuses on the morality of slavery and proclaims Babo the "moral victor in 'Benito Cereno'" (34). In a move that none of the other authors make, Schiffman states that Melville "wanted primarily to write a 'good story,' one that would sell" (33). He goes on to note that the subject cannot be separated... ...G.K. Hall & Co., 1992. 76-93. Emery, Allan Moore."'Benito Cereno' and Manifest Destiny."In Critical Essays on Herman Melville's "Benito Cereno." Robert Burkholder, ed. New York: G.K. Hall & Co., 1992. 99-115. Kaplan, Sidney. "Herman Melville and the American National Sin: The Meaning of 'BenitoCereno.'" In Critical Essays on Herman Melville's "Benito Cereno." Robert Burkholder, ed. New York: G.K. Hall & Co., 1992. 37-47. Schiffman, Joseph. "Critical Problems in Melville's 'Benito Cereno.'"In Critical Essays on Herman Melville's "Benito Cereno." Robert Burkholder, ed. New York: G.K. Hall & Co., 1992. 29-36. Zagarell, Sandra. "Reenvisioning America: Melville's 'Benito Cereno.'"In Critical Essays onHerman Melville's "Benito Cereno." Robert Burkholder, ed. New York: G.K. Hall & Co., 1992. 127-144.

Primary Education in Turkey, Morocco, Egypt, Greece, and the United States :: Essays Papers

Primary Education in Turkey, Morocco, Egypt, Greece, and the United States Throughout this program I have been confronted with many images and facts about primary education that I will not soon forget. The sounds of young Turkish children reciting "I am a Turk, I am strong"; the image of six year olds in Morocco learning to memorize the Qur'an before they can read or write; the idea of community schools in Egypt where students and parents learn together to benefit and bring prosperity to the community as a whole; and, finally, the idea that art is so important to Greek culture that it is one of the five major goals of primary education. These are all interesting things, they are all things I never would have expected to learn through this program, and they have made this topic and project more meaningful for me. I chose the topic of primary education not only because I am studying to be a teacher, but also because there are a lot of controversies and new ideas that are coming into American education currently, particularly the acts and ideas of No Child Lef t Behind, and I was curious to research how other countries were dealing with the same issues that we see in the educational system of the United States. I started my learning plan with the goals of seeing how primary education was structured in each of the countries we were visiting (Turkey, Morocco, Egypt, and Greece) both theoretically as well as how effective the actual practice of education was, to see what the situation regarding the primary education of girls was in each of the countries and what differences existed in the education of the two genders, to find out the unique solutions each country had found for their own educational system that addressed their country's own specific challenges, to see the role that nationalism and religion played in the primary education of students in each of the countries, and finally to come to the grand finale of the purpose of primary education in each of the countries, to use that information to help me better understand primary educati on, and to compare these findings to the purpose of primary education in the United States. In my project today I plan to lay out seven aspects of primary education, explain how each of these aspects is carried out in the four countries we visited, and then to speak about how each aspect influences the cultures of Turkey, Morocco, Egypt, and Greece.

Eth prescribed notes

Everyone has it Everyone has some talent that Is stronger than someone else Talent does not equal Intelligence/ knowledge/ skills/ specific ablest Talent starts with genetic Inheritance unique patterns of personality/ temperament/ behavioral traits play a big role In who we are/ become Always work on your students' strengths not their weaknesses. MYTH 1 :III learn in the same way Each personal learning / thinking / working style Is a style conducive to the person, & however comfortable they are doing the task.Each has a different way of taking In Info, storing, processing, retrieving & converting It Into knowledge Einstein said, imagination is more important than knowledge, he came up with his relativity theory by imagining a ride on a moonbeam. MYTH 2 :luminescent is fixed at birth & accurately determined by standard IQ tests Skills measured IQ are not all the skills a person possesses which constitute intelligence Only 20% of Intelligence Is analytical, constitute all other intelli gences. All people have individual strengths. Goals strengthen strengths & correct weaknesses. Excellence must be broadly defined.There are many forms of intelligence / traits/ talents that a person possesses Howard Gardener mentions 8 types An educator should help learners choose a field of study that matches learner's talent. MYTH 4 : Intelligence Is Inherited Need : Nature (inheritance) + Nurture(development through environment, experience, & culture) = to gain intelligence Born with traits & propensities for learning & specific talents Home, schooling, living environment is vital to develop those talents you were born with, & to build new sets of skills & abilities.

Mosquito Killer Essay

The study is entitled Combined solution of Garlic (Allium sativum) and Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus). Specifically, it sought to find out how these two solutions (lemongrass and garlic) can effectively kill mosquitoes. It aimed at looking for an organic and safe measure in treating the abundance of mosquito. Ideally, the researcher’s study promotes a tandem between science and creation’s conservation. The materials composing the solution were 40 mL of the combined solution of Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) and Garlic (Allium sativum). The set up was composed of experimental and control group. The experimental group was being sprayed using a specific commercial pesticide. On the other hand, the control group was being sprayed using the organic mosquito killer. Data were collected to gather relevant information. In the light of the findings of the study, it was found out that the solution composing of 40 mL solution of Garlic (Allium sativum) and Lemongrass (Cymbopog on citratus) extract can kill mosquitoes in a short span of time compared with the commercial one. It took only _________before the mosquitoes died. CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Mosquitoes are vector agents that carry disease causing viruses and parasites that lead to life-threatening diseases from one person to person without catching the disease themselves. It prefers people over others. The preferential victim’s sweat simply smells better than others because of the proportions of the carbon dioxide and other compounds that make up the body odor. A large part of the mosquito’s sense of smell is devoted to sniffing out human targets. Mosquitoes are estimated to transmit disease to more than 700 million people annually in Africa, South America, Central America, Mexico, and much of Asia with millions of resulting deaths. At least 2 million people annually die of these diseases. Today, not just our whole country, Philippines, but also the entire world is facing huge problems in relation to the abundance of mosquitoes in the community. In fact, many alternatives and methods such as different kinds of drugs, vaccines, insecticides, nets and repellants are now discovered and created in order to eradicate mosquitoes, prevent diseases, and protect individuals. We opted to make this study to pursue an alternative organic agent of mosquito eradication. The result of this study is to propose an alternative but organic and safe solution in treating the abundance of mosquito in our locality. Moreover, this aimed to significantly help the residents who are greatly affected by these mosquitoes in a way that this study will provide them a new avenue in treating the great number of mosquitoes. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM This study entitled Garlic (Allium sativum) and Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) as Mosquito Killer is aimed to know the insecticidal effect of Allium sativum and Cymbopogon citratus on mosquitoes in terms of: a. How effective is the Garlic (Alium sativum) and Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus)? b. What is the compared time duration of the commercial product and experimental product? HYPOTHESIS The study hypothesized that the combined solution of Garlic (Allium sativum) and Lemongrass (Cymbopogon Citratus) is more likely effective than commercial product on mosquitoes in terms of the number of mosquitoes that will die. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The conduct of this study is significant in lessening the number of mosquitoes all over the country. This would extend an alternative solution for everybody spend less amount of money in treating the abundance of mosquitoes here in our locality and therefore cooperation and resourcefulness will primarily be observed by the people. Specifically, this will bring benefits to the following: Government. This would provide the government a new avenue in lessening the number of mosquitoes. The materials that will be used are recycled and organic in which their availability is easily utilized and therefore they will spend less amount of money in treatment for the abundance of mosquitoes in the society. Residents. This study raises the awareness level of residents in our country. They would be able to foresee the importance of being resourceful of the things in our surroundings. SCOPE AND LIMITATION This study focused on the insecticidal effect of Garlic (Allium sativum) and Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) on mosquitoes. The materials used were just gathered around the researchers’ household. The investigation utilized 6 mosquitoes that were placed in a transparent container. DEFINTION OF TERMS Mosquito. From the Spanish or Portuguese meaning little fly is a common insect in the family Culicidate (from the Latin culex meaning midge or gnat). Mosquitoes resemble crane flies (family Tupilidae) and chironomid flies (family Chironomidae), with which they are sometimes confused by the casual observer. Organic. Any member of a large class of chemical compounds whose molecules contain carbon. Geraniol. A monoterpenoid and an alco0hol. It is the primary part of rose oil, palmarosa oil, and citronella oil (Java type). It also occurs in small quantities in geranium, lemon, and many other essential oils. Solution. A homogenous mixture composed of two substances. Erradicate. Get rid of something completely. Insecticide. A chemical substance used to kill insects. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Allium sativum yields allicin, an antibiotic and antifungal compound (phytoncide). It has been claimed that it can be used as a home remedy to help speed recovery from throat or other minor ailments because of its antibiotic properties. It also contains the sulfur-contaning compounds alliin, ajoene, diallylsulfide, dithiin, S-allylcysteine, and enzymes, vitamin B, proteins, minerals, saponins, flavonoids, and maillard reaction products which are non-sulfur containing compounds. Furthermore a phytoalexin called allixin was found, inhibiting skin tumor formation. Herein, allixin and/or its analogs may be expected useful compounds for cancer prevention or chemotherapy agents for other diseases. The composition of the bulbs is approximately 84.09% water, 13.38% organic matter, and 1.53% inorganic matter, while the leaves are 87.14% water, 11.27% organic matter, and 1.59% inorganic matter. Fresh C. citratus grass contains approximately 0.4% volatile oil. The oil contains 65% to 85% citral, a mixture of 2 geometric isomers, geraniol and neral. Related compounds geraniol, geranic acid, and nerolic acid have also been identified. More than a dozen of other minor fragrant components were also found. Research has shown geraniol to be an effective plant-based mosquito repellant. Another popular theory is that ingesting garlic can provide protection against mosquitoes. A University of Connecticut study examined this claim with a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled crossover study. The data didn’t provide evidence of significant mosquito repellence. However, subject only consumed garlic once, and the researchers say that more prolonged ingestion may be needed. There are also other natural mosquito repellants that are being researched like the Fennel, Thyme, Clove oil, Celery extract, Neem oil, Vitamin B1. Biopesticide insect repellants (sometimes called â€Å"natural†, â€Å"botanical† or â€Å"plant-based†) has been proven to be as effective as those containing synthetic chemical compounds like DEET. Remember, however, that â€Å"natural† doesn’t always mean safe, so you should use plant-based insect repellants as carefully as any other. With the literature presented above, it can be seen that the study has some bearing capabilities and properties to other work in the sense that it tackles the capacity of some organic materials such garlic juice and lemongrass oil as effective mosquito repellant.

Hydraulic Fracturing & Policy Actions in New York Research Paper

Hydraulic Fracturing & Policy Actions in New York - Research Paper Example The country has several potential sites for oil deposits which recently have been explored by oil-drilling companies. The latest innovation on oil drilling techniques has opened opportunities for the United States to become oil dependent, opening abundant supply of natural gases which the US didn’t have several years ago. One of the newest techniques being used for extracting high volume oil is called â€Å"Hydraulic Fracturing†. Even though this new technique would open up a big opportunity for the United States to become self-sufficient on oil, there is still manifold repudiation on the ratification of the proposal on several states as bunch of claims were raised that this type of gas extraction might come at the expense of the health of the public as well as the environment. Many government agencies proposed policies in order to regulate the natural gas explorations in various states in the country. This particular study focuses on the pathway of the states of New Yo rk alongside Pennsylvania in the writing of parametric policies that will regulate the oil-drilling operations and at the same time to protect the public safety by ensuring prevention of contaminating the water supplies and precluding some other side effects of Hydraulic Fracturing from taking place. What is Hydraulic Fracturing? â€Å"Hydraulic Fracturing is the propagation of fractures in a rock layer caused by the presence of a pressurized fluid. Hydraulic fractures may form naturally, as in the case of veins or dikes, or may be man-made in order to release petroleum, natural gas, coal seam gas, or other substances for extraction, where the technique is often called frackin or hydrofracking.†Ã‚  frackin  or  hydrofracking.† Since there are solid rock formations underneath the soil, hydraulic fracturing also uses chemicals and other substances in a form of highly-pressurized fluid that will fracture the rock formation paving the way towards the recovery of fossil fuels which are later to be converted into various petroleum products. In the United States, Hydraulic Fracturing is defined as â€Å"†¦is the process of utilizing pressurized water, chemical additives, and physical proppants to fracture rock layers and release petroleum, natural gas, or other substances so that they can be e xtracted.† Proppants are substances in forms of sand or fine coarse to prevent drilled holes from closing when operations are tentatively ceased. Hydraulic Fracturing is also common outside the United States. In Canada, though they have started the drilling operations by fracking in the 1990s, complaints about its safety as verbalized by the concerned and affected residents arose only after eleven years. In Australia, hydraulic fracturing is also very common; however, there were reported breakage or leaks on the pipes used for extraction which as per the report has contaminated the water supply in some parts of Australia. This has triggered the national and local governments in Australia to regulate the oil-drilling operations by potently prohibiting the inclusion of chemicals in the drilling process. Some other countries which use hydraulic fracturing are New Zealand, South Africa and the United Kingdom. Further, France had also used the technique but was eventually sent to c losure after manifold public complaints. THE HYDRAULIC FRACTURING AND POLICY ACTION IN NEW YORK 4 The environmental and

T cellB cell collaboration in the immune response to infection Essay

T cellB cell collaboration in the immune response to infection - Essay Example It is referred to as "non-specific" because it generally attempts to stop the spread of all types of invaders. (Kuby, 1996) The latter type consists of two categories: cell-mediated immunity and antibody-mediated (humoral) immunity. It is the stronger one of the two types but takes several hours or even days to become fully activated. It is referred to as "specific" because it responds differently to every other foreign pathogen. (Hariharan, 2006) Lymphocytes, a class of White Blood Cells, are a vital part of the acquired immune system, being responsible for the whole reaction. They are produced in the primary lymphoid organs and then migrate to the secondary lymphoid organs where they recognize antigens of foreign bodies by the help of membrane receptors specific to the antigens. Two major classes of lymphocytes take part in the acquired immunity: B-Cells (B lymphocytes) and T-Cells (T lymphocytes). (Alberts, Bray, Lewis, Raff, Roberts, Watson, 1994), (Linnemeyer, 1993) Precursors of T-cells originate in the foetal liver and yolk sac during the embryonic life, and migrate to the bone marrow after birth. The stem cells then enter the thymus by chemo taxis and develop into T-cells which are later specialized into CD4+ (helper) cells or CD8+ (cytotoxic) cells. (UNC-SOM, 2004) Maturation On entering the thymus, T-cell precursors (prothymocytes) develop into T-cells that indicate both CD4 and CD8 molecules on their membranes and then later continue to indicate either CD4 or CD8 molecules. The cells having antigen receptors for self proteins are destroyed by aptosis (programmed cell death). This prevents autoimmunity. On the other hand, the cells having antigen receptors that do not react with self MHC proteins are also killed as this causes the definite selection of T-cells that do react with MHC proteins. (Stadnyk, 2007) Functions of the MHC proteins include positive selection of T-cells as well as presentation of foreign body antigens to them. (NIAID, 2003) General Function The Helper T-cells activate lymphocytes called macrophages and other T-cells involved in the immune response, and aid B-cells in producing antibodies by alerting them and determining the type of antibody to be produced. (NIAID, 2003) 2) B-Cells: Origin Precursors of B-cells migrate from the foetal liver to the bone marrow where they remain and undergo maturation throughout the adult life. They do not require thymus for their development. (Levinson, 2004) Maturation Development of B-cells takes place in two phases: antigen-independent phase & antigen-dependent phase. In the 1st phase, stem cells of the marrow differentiate into B-lineage and progenitor B-cells. The progenitor B-cells proliferate into precursor B-cells which requires the microenvironment supplied by the surrounding stroma. Cells of the stroma release numerous cytokines, most importantly IL-7, which help in the maturation process. Further

Financial Accounting Reports Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Financial Accounting Reports - Assignment Example This is mostly done by measuring and monitoring the performance of agents. After measuring and monitoring, the results is the then reported to the interested parties. In most cases, financial accountancy is used during the preparation of accounting information for the outsiders of the organization. However, it is not used for the daily operation at the company (Alexander 2008, 76). Financial statement is generally a formal record that defines financial activities of a particular organization, business entity or even a person. In most cases, the relevant financial information is usually presented in an effective manner and in a simple form to enable the user having less difficulty in understanding it (Alexander 2008, 97). The different forms of financial statements include a balance sheet, cash flow statement and an income statement (Alexander 2008, 97). In this case, the balance sheet normally reports on some of the liabilities, assets and ownership equity of the organization while the income statement mostly reports on the organization profits and expenses over a certain time. On the other hand, the cash flows statement mostly reports on some of the organization’s cash flow activities including financial and operating activities (Gray 2006, 49). Financial statements are supposed to be understandable to its readers. Alternatively, different users mostly use the statements for various purposes. Some of the common users of financial statements include; owners and managers, prospective investors, employees, organizations, and financial institutions (Eijffinger 2012, 72).Managers of organizations and owners mostly require financial statements in making crucial decisions regarding the business. These financial statements are mostly used as part of organization’s annual report especially to the stockholders. Additionally, employees may sometimes need these reports while making collective bargaining agreements. Most of these agreements are

Musicals in the West End Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Musicals in the West End - Essay Example Before presenting any logical argument, it is inherent to carry out a practical check on the shows currently running in the West End theatres and those lined up for production later in the year. According to the London Theatre Online by Darren Daglish, there are 23 musicals, 13 comedies, and 11 dramas (or straight plays if you like) currently running. Mathematically, this translates to 48% musicals, 28% comedies, and 24% drama. At this point, one might conclude that there many musicals shows than the other two classes. However, there is a list of shows lined up for production this year, including 9 musicals, 11 comedies, and 37 plays: or 16% musicals, 20% comedies, and 64% dramas [2]. Clearly, plays still dominate the theatre time if these statistics are anything to go by. While there may be repetition of some musicals such as Billy Eliot, Blood Brothers, and Jersey Boys, there is a relatively few number of repetition of plays. Actually, there are fifteen musicals repetitions with on ly six repeated plays. Thus, it would be inaccurate to say that the West End harbours more musicals than other subsidised theatres. However, one must bear in mind that musicals have relatively long runs than plays. Thus, there may not necessarily be a 64% increase in the number of plays. Dominance of musicals Another interesting statistic is that about two-thirds of the straight plays currently showing or planned for production show in subsidized theatres, with only seven and two musicals. Therefore, there will be around 30 musicals, 17 comedies, and 16 straight plays in the commercial theatres. Certainly, this is not a show of unhealthy competition and dominance by musicals! Essentially, the dominant nature of musicals in the West End theatres is a perception rather than a matter of fact. To prove this practically, try asking any average person about any showing musicals in the West End theatres and majority will mention Billy Elliot, Jersey Boys, and The Lion King [3]. The person may also mention Cats and Les Mis, and probably Beauty and the Beast. Similarly, ask the people to mention a few straight plays in the same theatres would probably respond by naming just a single play and add the typical â€Å"some Shakespeare.† This highlights the enormous interest that the public has for musicals as compared to straight plays at all levels, with the exception of real theatrical devotee